The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) is a state research institute and think tank of the People's Republic of China. It is a ministry-level institution under the State Council. The CASS is considered the country's top academic institution for philosophy and social sciences research.
The CASS was founded in May 1977. Its predecessor was the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The main research objects of the Academy of Social Sciences are the language, philosophy, law, economy, religion, ethnicity, archaeology, history and literature of China and other countries in the world. The Academy of Social Sciences is divided into 6 academic departments and 37 research institutes.
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History
The predecessor of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, established in 1955. The Division of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the predecessor of CASS, elected 61 members of the academy.
The CASS was established in May 1977 based on splitting the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with the aim of promoting the development of philosophy and social sciences, under the instruction of Deng Xiaoping. The first president was Hu Qiaomu.
In 1979, CASS Vice President Huan Xiang led the first Chinese delegation of social scientists to travel to the United States.
In August 2006, the first batch of 47 members and 95 honorary members of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences were selected. Subsequent elections were held in:
2010: 10 new members, 38 Honorary Members
2014: 4 new members
2018: 12 new members
2024: 9 new members.
Up to 2024, a total of 82 members had been selected from the entire academy (as of March 2022, there were 133 honorary members).
Members
The Membership of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Chinese: 中国社会科学院学部委员) and Honorary Membership of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Chinese: 中国社会科学院荣誉学部委员) are the highest academic titles within CASS, and are lifelong honors. The members are active scholars, while honorary members are retired scholars. They are elected for different academic divisions of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences every four years.
Selection and Evaluation
The selection processes include:
Nomination by members and affiliated units,
Review and recommendation by the candidate evaluation committee,
Public announcement,
Evaluation by external experts,
Final review and election by the academic assembly,
Approval by the academy party committee.
Criteria emphasize:
Significant academic achievements
National or international recognition
Integrity and scholarly conduct
Contributions to the development of philosophy and social sciences in China
The Election is carried out every two to four years. Unlike the selection of academicians for the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the members and honorary members are selected only from within the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, with no participation from universities or other social science circles.
CASS members do not enjoy any special treatment in terms of material benefits.
Honorary Members
Honorary Members are:
Retired senior scholars
Individuals with long-term, distinguished academic service
Scholars whose influence is widely recognized.
The honorary members were elected by members and the honorary members selection committee and approved by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences administrative meeting. They do not participate in administrative functions but retain lifetime recognition. Honorary members and members of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences have an academic status roughly equivalent to academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
Structure
The CASS is a ministry-level institution under the State Council. As of 2012, CASS has over 3,200 resident scholars. As of November 2020, the CASS has 6 university departments, 42 research institutes, 6 functional departments, 5 directly affiliated institutions, and 3 directly affiliated companies. Of its functional departments, five are focused on research.
CASS houses the Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, which later became the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
The Institute of Taiwan Studies at CASS is under the control of the Fifteenth Bureau of the Ministry of State Security.
The Dictionary Editing Office of the Institute of Linguistics edits Xiandai Hanyu Cidian and the Xinhua Dictionary. The China Social Sciences Press was established in June 1978 under the auspices of the CASS, and has published over 8,000 books since its inception.
The CASS has the following internal structure:
Directly affiliated institutions
University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
Directly affiliated enterprise units
China Social Sciences Press
Social Sciences Academic Press
Chinese Corporation for Promotion of Humanities (China Economic and Technical Consulting Corporation)
China-run publishing and media group
Activities
Every quarter, CASS hosts a high-level seminar to which it invites officials from other developing countries to discuss topics including governance in China, poverty alleviation, and socio-economic development.
According to Chen Daoyin, a former professor at the Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, CASS "is not so much an academic institution but a body to formulate party ideology to support the leadership." CASS employees periodically submit observations of colleagues' behavior to inspection teams, especially of colleagues who criticize the Chinese Communist Party in private.