Cowles Art School

Cowles Art School (Cowles School of Art) was established in 1883, in a studio building located at 145 Dartmouth Street in Boston, Massachusetts. It was one of the largest art schools in the city and boasted an enrollment of several hundred until it was closed in 1900. History By the end of the 19th-century, Boston had become an important art center with number of highly respected artists teaching in the city. A rich artistic environment was promoted, at least in part, by the Massachusetts Drawing Act of 1870. The first of its kind in the nation, the legislation added drawing to a list of school subjects that were required to be taught in all Massachusetts public schools: reading, writing, grammar, orthography, geography, arithmetic, United States history, and good behavior. The Drawing Act of 1870 also required towns with populations exceeding 10,000 to make industrial and mechanical drawing instruction available to any interested residents over the age of 15. This new legislation caused a spike in the need for qualified artists in Massachusetts. To fill this sudden need for art teachers, Massachusetts Normal Art School (MNA) was established in 1873, and the Cowles Art School was founded ten years later in 1883. Located two blocks behind the Museum of Fine Arts, in the New Studio Building near the Back Bay Station, the school was established by Frank Cowles. He modeled the curriculum off of the Parisian art academies of his time, and borrowed the school's price structure from that of the nearby Art Students League of New York. Throughout its existence, the art school was well known for its instructors. Frank Cowles placed a heavy emphasis on hiring artists that were also well-versed in mechanical drawing and lecturing, resulting in a faculty of confident artists ready to impart their knowledge to both advanced professionals and brand-new beginner artists. The Cowles Art School merged with the New England Conservatory in 1900, but fine arts instruction there ended only two years later in 1902.