Eliot is a surname, and may refer to:
Abigail Adams Eliot (1892–1992), American educator
Alexander Eliot (1919–2015), American writer
Andrew Eliot (1718–1778), American Congregational minister
Charles Eliot (diplomat) (1862–1931), British diplomat, colonial administrator and botanist
Charles Eliot (landscape architect) (1859–1897), American landscape architect
Charles William Eliot (1834–1926), American educator and President of Harvard University
Charles William John Eliot (1928–2008), Canadian academic and university administrator
Charles W. Eliot II (1899–1993), American landscape architect
Charlotte Champe Eliot (1843–1929), American school teacher, poet, biographer and social worker
Clara Eliot (1896–1976), American economist
D. J. Eliot (Darin Eliot) (born 1976), American football coach
Daniel Eliot (1646–1702), English politician
Darren Eliot (born 1961), Canadian ice hockey player and sports broadcaster
Edward Eliot (born 1618) (1618–c.1710), English politician
Edward Eliot (priest) (1864–1943), Anglican Archdeacon
Edward Carlyon Eliot (1870–1940), British colonial administrator
Edward James Eliot (1758–1797), English Member of Parliament
Edward John Eliot (1782–1863), English soldier
Edward Eliot, 3rd Earl of St Germans (1798–1877), British politician
Edward Craggs-Eliot, 1st Baron Eliot (1727–1804), English official and politician
Francis Perceval Eliot (1755–1818), English soldier, auditor and man of letters
George Eliot (1819–1880), pseudonym of the English novelist with birth name Mary Ann Evans
Gideon Eliot (1664–1713), Scottish surgeon
Granville Eliot, 7th Earl of St Germans (1867–1942), English peer
Henry Eliot (author), British author
Henry Ware Eliot (1843–1919), American industrialist and philanthropist
Henry Eliot, 5th Earl of St Germans (1835–1911), English peer
Hugh Eliot (1921–1945), Royal Air Force flying ace of World War II
Hugh Eliot (explorer) (c.1470–c.1535), English merchant
Ida M. Eliot (1839–1923), American writer, educator, philosopher and entomologist
Jacquetta Eliot, Countess of St Germans (born 1943), English society beauty
Jago Eliot (1966–2006), British arts organiser
Jan Eliot (born 1950), American cartoonist
Jared Eliot (1685–1763), American colonial scientist, minister and physician
Jim Eliot, English songwriter
John Eliot (fl.1562–1593), English author and translator of the Ortho-epia Gallica
John Eliot (died 1685) (1612–1685), English politician
John Eliot (meteorologist) (1839–1908), English mathematician and meteorologist
John Eliot (missionary) (1604–1690), English "Apostle to the Indians" in Massachusetts
John Eliot (Royal Navy officer) (1742–1769), British naval officer and governor of West Florida
John Eliot (statesman) (1592–1632), English politician imprisoned in the Tower of London
John Nevill Eliot (1912–2003), English entomologist
John Eliot, 1st Earl of St Germans (1761–1823), British politician
John Eliot, 6th Earl of St Germans (1890–1922), British peer and army officer
Sir John Eliot, 1st Baronet (1736–1786), Scottish physician
John Eliot, 1st Earl of St Germans (1761–1823), British politician
Lise Eliot, American neuroscientist
Louis Eliot (born 1968), English singer, songwriter and guitarist
Margaret Eliot (1914–2011), English music teacher and musician
Martha May Eliot (1891–1978), American pediatrician
Montague Eliot, 8th Earl of St Germans (1870–1960), British peer and courtier
Nicholas Eliot, 9th Earl of St Germans (1914–1988), British peer
Peregrine Eliot, 10th Earl of St Germans (1941–2016), British peer
Peter Eliot (1910–1995), English Anglican priest, Archdeacon of Worcester
Philip Eliot (bishop) (1862–1946), British Anglican cleric, Bishop of Buckingham
Philip Eliot (priest) (1835–1917), English Anglican cleric, Dean of Windsor
Ray Eliot (1905–1980), American football and baseball player, coach and college athletics administrator
Richard Eliot (1694–1748), British diplomat, official and politician
Richard Eliot (MP for St. Germans) (c.1546–1609), English Member of Parliament
Robin Eliot (1942–2017), English cricketer and race horse owner
Samuel Eliot (banker) (1739–1820), American banker and businessman
Samuel Eliot (historian) (1821–1898), American historian, educator and politician
Samuel Atkins Eliot Jr. (1893–1984), American writer and academic
Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician) (1798–1862), American politician from Massachusetts
Samuel A. Eliot (minister) (Samuel Atkins Eliot II) (1862–1950), American Unitarian minister
Simon Eliot, British academic
Sonny Eliot (1920–2012), American meteorologist, actor and comedian
Theodore L. Eliot Jr. (Theodore Lyman Eliot Jr.) (1928–2019), American diplomat
Thomas Lamb Eliot (1841–1936), American minister in Oregon
Thomas D. Eliot (Thomas Dawes Eliot) (1808–1870), American politician from Massachusetts
Thomas H. Eliot (Thomas Hopkinson Eliot) (1907–1991), American lawyer, politician and academic from Massachusetts
T. S. Eliot (Thomas Stearns Eliot) (1888–1965), British-American poet and author
Valerie Eliot (1926–2012), surviving second wife of T. S. Eliot
William Eliot (MP) (c.1586–1650), English politician
William Greenleaf Eliot (1811–1887), American educator, Unitarian minister and civic leader in Missouri
William Havard Eliot (1796–1831), American architect and builder
William Eliot, 2nd Earl of St Germans (1767–1845), British peer, diplomat and politician
William Eliot, 4th Earl of St Germans (1829–1881), British diplomat
Winslow Eliot (born 1956), American novelist and nonfiction writer