Elizabeth Churchill, Countess of Bridgewater (15 March 1687 – 22 March 1714), born Lady Elizabeth Churchill, was the daughter of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, and Sarah Jenyns. By marriage to Scroop Egerton, 1st Duke of Bridgewater, then 4th Count of Bridgewater, she was the Countess of Bridgewater.
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Family
Elizabeth Churchill was born on 15 March 1687. She was the fourth daughter and fifth child of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, and Sarah Jenyns. Elizabeth's godparents were Anna Charlotte de Vic, Baroness Frescheville and Barbara Villiers, Viscountess Fitzhardinge. Lady Freschville and Lady Fitzhardinge were also godparents of the Marlborough's two youngest children, Mary and Charles Churchill.
According to an Act of Parliament on 21 June 1706, allowing the 1st Duke's daughters to inherit his English title, Elizabeth became co-heir of her father like her other sisters Henrietta, Anne and Mary.
Elizabeth was described as "agreeably tall" and spoke "without saying too much or too little". Of four sisters, who were all exquisite beauties, Elizabeth was the most beautiful. While Elizabeth and her sister Anne were Sarah's favourite children, Elizabeth's oldest and youngest sisters Henrietta and Mary had tough relationship with Sarah. Elizabeth also had an especially close relationship with her sister Anne Churchill.
Marriage
On 9 February 1703, at fourteen years old, Elizabeth Churchill married Scroop Egerton, 4th Count of Bridgewater. At the wedding, Queen Anne gave a gift of 5,000 pounds to Elizabeth, as she had done to Elizabeth's two older sisters Henrietta and Anne. Although Elizabeth's mother thought him as a "fool", Elizabeth and her husband had an idyllically happy married life.
Children
Elizabeth Churchill and Scroop Egerton had three children:
John Egerton, Viscount Brackley (3 February 1704 – 30 January 1719), he died of smallpox at Eton and was buried at Little Gaddesden on 5 February 1719.
A son (died young).
Anne Egerton (1705 – 16 June 1762), married firstly to Wriothesley Russell, 3rd Duke of Bedford and had no issue. After the Duke of Bedford died, she remarried to William Villiers, 3rd Earl of Jersey on 23 June 1733 and had two sons with him. Through Anne, they are ancestors of Diana, Princess of Wales, and of her sons, Princes William, the Prince of Wales, and Harry, Duke of Sussex.
Death
Elizabeth Churchill died on 22 March 1714. The reason of her death was smallpox. The Dowager Countess of Bridgewater informed the news to the Marlboroughs. She also consoled Sarah that "Nobody suffered less under that disease and her death was as if she only had gone to sleep." Hearing the news of his beloved daughter's death, the Duke of Marlborough fainted, hitting his head on a marble mantlepiece. The death of Elizabeth also worsened Anne's sickness, in grief at the death of her younger sister.
Elizabeth Churchill was buried at Little Gaddesden on 29 March 1714. After her death, her husband was created Duke of Bridgewater, remarried and had other children. Her daughter Anne Egerton was first taken care of by her paternal grandmother, but after finding that the child "very ill cared for", Sarah decided to look after her as her own daughter. Her son, John Egerton, died of smallpox when he was 15 years old.