Friedberg is a German surname meaning "peace mountain". Notable people with the surname include:
Aaron Friedberg (born 1956), American political scientist
Abraham Shalom Friedberg (1838–1902), Russian Hebrew writer, editor, and translator
Anne Friedberg (1952–2009), American author and historian
Bernard Friedberg (1876–1961), Austrian Hebraist
Billy Friedberg (1915–1965), American producer and screenwriter
Carl Friedberg (1872–1955), German pianist and teacher
Charles K. Friedberg (1905–1972), American cardiologist
David Friedberg (born 1980), South African-American businessman
Emil Albert Friedberg (1837–1910), German canonist
Erhard Friedberg (born 1942), Austrian sociologist
Eric Friedberg, American lawyer
Errol Friedberg (1937–2023), American biologist and science historian
Gertrude Friedberg (1908–1989), American playwright and author
Heinrich von Friedberg (1813–1895), German jurist and statesman
Hermann Friedberg (1817–1884), surgeon, forensic doctor
Jason Friedberg (born 1971), American screenwriter and director
John Friedberg (born 1961), American Olympic fencer
Jon Friedberg, American poker player
Lionel Friedberg, South African film director
M. Paul Friedberg (1931–2025), American landscape architect
Paul Friedberg (born 1959), American Olympic fencer
Richard M. Friedberg (born 1935), American theoretical physicist
Rick Friedberg (born 1944), American director, screenwriter and producer
Simeon Adlow Friedberg (1925–2005), American physicist