Hartwig is a Germanic-language surname, literally meaning hard in battle (wikt:hart + wikt:wig).
Finnish variants of the name, derived from the North German form Harteke, include Hartik (archaic), Hartikka, Harto, Hartto, Harttu, Hartus, Harttula, Hartikkala, Hartoinen, Hartuinen and most often, Hartikainen, a Savonian noble variant.
Notable people with the surname include:
Carter Hartwig (born 1956), American professional football player
Clayton Hartwig (1964–1989), American sailor accused of causing the 1989 explosion of the 16" gun turret on the USS Iowa
Edward Hartwig (1909–2003), Polish photographer
Ernst Hartwig (1851–1923), German astronomer
Eva Brigitta Hartwig, later Vera Zorina, German prima ballerina active in America
Gay Hartwig (contemporary), American voice actress
Grant Hartwig (born 1997), American professional baseball player
Gus Hartwig (born 2002), American football player
Ina Hartwig (born 1963), German author, journalist, culture politician
Heike Hartwig (born 1962), German Olympic shot putter
Jeff Hartwig (born 1967), American Olympic polevaulter
Jens Hartwig (born 1980), German actor
Jimmy Hartwig (born 1954), German professional football player
John F. Hartwig (born 1964), Henry Rapoport Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley
Josef Hartwig (1880–1956), German sculptor, Bauhaus teacher, and designer of an iconic chess set
Julia Hartwig (1921–2017), Polish poet and translator
Justin Hartwig (born 1978), American professional football player
Marie Hartwig (1906–2001), American professor of physical education and advocate of women's sports
Nicholas Hartwig (1857–1914), Russian diplomat; ambassador to Persia 1906–08 and to Serbia 1904–14
Rex Hartwig (1929–2022), Australian professional tennis player
Ingmar Hartwig (born 1988), German designer
Peter Hartwig (born 1963), Dutch painter
Peter Hartwig (missionary), 19th century German missionary to Africa
Roland Hartwig (born 1954), German politician
Wolf C. Hartwig (1921–2017), German film producer