mark

The mark was a currency or unit of account in many states. It is named for the mark unit of weight. The word mark comes from a merging of three Germanic words, Latinised in 9th-century post-classical Latin as , , or . It was a measure of weight mainly for gold and silver, commonly used throughout Europe and often equivalent to . Considerable variations, however, occurred throughout the Middle Ages. the only circulating currency named "mark" is the Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark. List of currencies named "mark" or similar "Mark" can refer to one of the following historical German currencies: Since the 11th century: the , used in the Electorate of Cologne; 1319: the , minted and used by the North German Hanseatic city of Stralsund and various towns in Pomerania; 1502: the , a uniform coinage for the Wends Hanseatic cities of Lübeck, Hamburg, Wismar, Lüneburg, Rostock, Stralsund, Anklam, among others, who joined the Wends Coinage Union; 1502: the Courant Mark, a uniform coinage in North German Hanseatic cities, part of the Wends Coinage Union, and forerunner of the and the ; 1619–1873: the mark banco of Hamburg; 1873–1914: the German gold mark, the currency of the German Empire; 1914–1923: the German ; 1923–1948: the German ; 1924–1948: the German ; 1944–1948: the military mark of the Allied occupying forces; 1947: the Saar mark; 1948–1990: the East German mark; 1948–2002: the German mark, also called Deutsche Mark or D-Mark, and abbreviated DM; or to one of the other following historical currencies: the merk Scots, an early-modern Scottish silver coin; the Swedish mark, minted 1532–1776 but used as counting unit from medieval time; 1860–2002: the Finnish markka; 1884–1911: the New Guinean mark; 1884–1915: the German South West African Mark; 1916–1918: the South West African mark; 1917–1924: the Polish mark; 1918–1927: the Estonian mark; or, since 1998, to the Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark.