Marshfield

History

In 1851 and 1853, when the area was still forested, surveyors working for the U.S. government marked all the section corners in the 6 by 6 miles (9.7 by 9.7 km) square which now includes Marshfield, Hewitt, and Cameron, working on foot with compass and chain. When done, the deputy surveyor filed this general description:

This Township is nearly all Dry land, there being no Swamp of consequence in it. There being too much clay & rocks in it. Particularly that part which contains Fir & Hemlock. The surface is rough & uneven(?) and rather to flat for anything but meadow. There is some good Pine it but too much scattering to make it an object. The Township is well watered with small streams but none of them are of sufficient size for Milling purposes. The streams are lined with Alder & many of them producing good hay. There are no improvements in this Township.

Marshfield was settled much later than many surrounding towns. DuBay started his trading post 40 miles (64 km) east on the Wisconsin River around 1818. A sawmill was built at Nekoosa in 1832. A sawmill was built at Neillsville around 1847. The first building at Marshfield came in 1872.

In 1872 the Wisconsin Central Railway was building the leg of its line from Stevens Point through the forest to what would become Colby, heading north for Lake Superior. The railway needed a supply depot between those two towns, and Marshfield was about midway. At the railroad's request, Louis Rivers, his wife and child, and his brother Frank came to the area and started cutting an opening in the forest. They built a two-room log hotel at what is now the corner of Depot and Chestnut streets, with bunks in the west room and tables, benches, bar and store in the east room. That crude building between the stumps was the first permanent structure in Marshfield.

Marshfield's name is explained two ways. It might have been named for John J. Marsh, one of the original owners of land in the area. Marshfield might also have been named after Marshfield, Massachusetts, since the Wisconsin Central Railway was financed with money from Massachusetts and other stops along the WC's line were named after towns in Massachusetts, including Amherst, Medford and Chelsea.

The first industry was a stave and spoke factory located near the railroad. In 1878 William H. Upham, a "Yankee" migrant of English descent from Massachusetts and later governor of Wisconsin, built a sawmill near the railway, with a millpond. By 1885 he had added a general store, a planing mill, a furniture factory and a flour and feed mill. Other businesses started, too: an alcohol factory, hotels, saloons, stores, newspapers, blacksmith, and a milliner. There were also churches and schools. The city was incorporated in 1883. By 1885 the population exceeded 2,000, ranging from the Uphams in their fine Italianate homes to laborers living in shacks along the railroad.

Geography

Marshfield is located at 44°40′7.87″N 90°10′18.48″W (44.6688524, -90.1717987)., sitting on a low ridge called the Marshfield moraine by geologists.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.828 square miles (35.81 km2), of which 13.801 square miles (35.74 km2) is land and 0.027 square miles (0.07 km2) is water. Most of the city (all south of McMillan Street) lies in Wood County; some smaller sections north of McMillan lie in Marathon County.

Climate

The Köppen climate classification subtype for the climate of Marshfield is "Dfb". (Warm Summer Continental Climate).

Demographics

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, there were 18,929 people, 8,818 households, and 4,749 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,385.8 inhabitants per square mile (535.1/km2). There were 9,508 housing units at an average density of 696.1 per square mile (268.8/km2).

The median age was 42.6 years. 19.7% of residents were under the age of 18, 4.9% were under the age of 5, and 22.9% were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 90.0 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 86.7 males age 18 and over. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.

Of households in Marshfield, 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 39.4% were married-couple households, 20.1% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 32.7% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 39.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

Of housing units, 7.3% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5% and the rental vacancy rate was 7.5%. 98.6% of residents lived in urban areas, while 1.4% lived in rural areas.

2022 American Community Survey

As of the 2022 American Community Survey, there are 8,807 estimated households in Marshfield with an average of 2.09 persons per household. The city has a median household income of $58,474. Approximately 12.2% of the city's population lives at or below the poverty line. Marshfield has an estimated 60.3% employment rate, with 26.8% of the population holding a bachelor's degree or higher and 95.1% holding a high school diploma.

The top five reported ancestries (people were allowed to report up to two ancestries, thus the figures will generally add to more than 100%) were English (96.5%), Spanish (1.1%), Indo-European (0.7%), Asian and Pacific Islander (1.3%), and Other (0.4%).

The median age in the city was 43.7 years.

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 19,118 people, 8,777 households, and 4,995 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,420.7 inhabitants per square mile (548.5/km2). There were 9,516 housing units at an average density of 707.0 per square mile (273.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 94.82% White, 0.69% African American, 0.20% Native American, 2.29% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.82% from some other races and 1.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.36% of the population.

There were 8,777 households, of which 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.4% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.1% were non-families. 36.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.78.

The median age in the city was 41.3 years. 20.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.8% were from 25 to 44; 27.4% were from 45 to 64; and 18.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 18,800 people, 8,235 households, and 4,866 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,477.9 inhabitants per square mile (570.6/km2). There were 8,617 housing units at an average density of 677.4 per square mile (261.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.12% White, 0.39% African American, 0.23% Native American, 1.38% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.22% from some other races and 0.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 0.78% of the population.

There were 8,235 households, out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.2% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.9% were non-families. 35.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 22.9% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $37,248, and the median income for a family was $50,498. Males had a median income of $31,848 versus $23,745 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,965. About 3.7% of families and 6.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.2% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

Marshfield has a local community arts facility, Chestnut Center for the Arts, and is the home of the New Visions Art Gallery, located in the Marshfield Clinic. The Vox Concert Series brings music performers from across the country to Marshfield. In addition, the local UW campus hosts artists in its art gallery.

Marshfield Public Library, located downtown, offers adult and children's programs.

Points of interest

Upham Mansion

World's Largest Round Barn

Columbia Park

Wildwood Park and Zoo

Jurustic Park

Wenzel Family Plaza

Vandehey Waters

Education

The Marshfield School District consists of Madison, Grant, Lincoln, Nasonville, and Washington elementary schools, Marshfield Middle School, and Marshfield High School. Marshfield parochial schools include Trinity Lutheran School (K–8), Immanuel Lutheran School (Pre-K–8), and Columbus Catholic Schools. The latter is a Pre-K–12 system consisting of St. John the Baptist Primary School, Our Lady of Peace Intermediate School, Columbus Catholic Middle School, and Columbus Catholic High School.

The University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point at Marshfield and Mid-State Technical College – Marshfield Campus are located in Marshfield.

Transportation

Major highways

U.S. Highway 10 is a freeway on the south side of the city going east–west before going south on the west side of the city

Highway 13 (Wisconsin) (“Veterans Pkwy”) Goes North-South through the city before going east following US 10

Highway 97 (Wisconsin) (“N Central Ave”) Goes North-South through the Northeast end of the city before ending at the middle of the city with Wisconsin 13 (“Veterans Pkwy”)

(“W 14th Street, S Central Ave, 29th St, E Galvin Ave, and E 4th St”) Goes East-West through the south end of the city

(“Adler Ave, S Oak Street, St Joseph Ave, Doege Street, and E Becker Rd”), Goes East-West through the north end of the city

Airport

KMFI – Marshfield Municipal Airport

Healthcare

The Marshfield Clinic system provides health care for much of northern Wisconsin. It operates residency programs in dermatology, internal medicine, pediatrics, internal medicine-pediatrics, dentistry, and surgery, as well as a transitional year of residency. In addition, fellowships are offered in internal medicine and palliative medicine. The Marshfield Clinic also hosts medical and physician assistant students for the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health and provides medical education, clinical experiences, and rotations. Marshfield Clinic sponsors the Security Health Plan of Wisconsin. Marshfield Medical Center, the only hospital in Marshfield, serves as a tertiary care center for much of northern Wisconsin.

Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps

November 1884

October 1887

November 1891

January 1898

June 1904

December 1912

Historic Plat Maps

1909 city

1928 west side

1928 east side