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Nicomachean Ethics

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Nicomachean Ethics

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Nicomachean Ethics across IJR

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Overview

The Nicomachean Ethics is Aristotle's best-known work on ethics: the science of the good for human life, that which is the goal or end at which all our actions aim. It consists of ten subsections, referred to as books or scrolls, and is closely related to Aristotle's Eudemian Ethics. The work plays a pre-eminent role in explaining Aristotelian ethics. The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, about how men should best live. In Aristotle's Metaphysics, he describes how Socrates, the friend and teacher of Plato, turned philosophy to human questions, whereas pre-Socratic philosophy had only been theoretical. Ethics, Aristotle says, is practical rather than theoretical, in the Aristotelian senses of these terms. It is not merely an investigation about what good consists of, but it hopes to be of practical help in achieving the good. It is connected to another of Aristotle's practical works, Politics, which similarly aims at people becoming good, through the creation and maintenance of social institutions that promote human flourishing. Ethics is about how individuals should best live, while the study of politics is from the perspective of a law-giver, looking at the good of a whole community. The Nicomachean Ethics is widely considered one of the most important works of philosophy. It had an important influence on the European Middle Ages, and was one of the core works of medieval philosophy. As such, it was of great significance in the development of all modern philosophy as well as European law and theology. While various philosophers have influenced Christendom since its earliest times, in Western Europe, Aristotle became "the Philosopher" (for example, this is how he is referred to in the works of Thomas Aquinas). In the Middle Ages, a synthesis between Aristotelian ethics and Christian theology became widespread in Europe, as introduced by Albertus Magnus. The most important version of this synthesis was that of Thomas Aquinas. Other more "Averroist" Aristotelians such as Marsilius of Padua were also influential.

From Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Notable quotes

“My lectures are published and not published; they will be intelligible to those who heard them, and to none beside.”
— Letter to Alexander the Great as quoted by William Whewell, History of the Inductive Sciences (1837), Ch. 2, Sect. 2
“The male has more teeth than the female in mankind, and sheep, and goats, and swine. This has not been observed in other animals.”
— Book II, ch. III, section 13. Google Books
“For the things we have to learn before we can do, we learn by doing.”
— Book II, 1103a.33: Cited in: Oxford Dictionary of Scientific Quotations (2005), 21:9
“It is absurd to hold that a man ought to be ashamed of being unable to defend himself with his limbs but not of being unable to defend himself with reason when the use of reason is more distinctive of a human being than the use of his limbs.”
— Book I, 1355b.1
“The followers of Aristotle were called peripatetics because the "master of them that know" valued the linkage between cogitation and ambulation (the covered walk in Aristotle's Lyceum was a peripatos).”
— Stephen Jay Gould, "Evolution by Walking", Dinosaur in a Haystack: Reflections in Natural History (1995)
“Aristotle especially, both by speculation and observation... reached something like the modern idea of a succession of higher organizations from lower, and made the fruitful suggestion of "a perfecting principle" in Nature. With the coming in of Christian theology this tendency toward a yet truer theory of evolution was mainly stopped, but the old crude view remained...”
— Andrew Dickson White, A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom, Ch. 1 (1896)

Quotes via Wikiquote (CC BY-SA), each with its original source.

The Nicomachean Ethics is Aristotle's best-known work on ethics: the science of the good for human life, that which is the goal or end at which all our actions aim. It consists of ten subsections, referred to as books or scrolls, and is closely related to Aristotle's Eudemian Ethics. The work plays a pre-eminent role in explaining Aristotelian ethics.

Overview

The Nicomachean Ethics is Aristotle's best-known work on ethics: the science of the good for human life, that which is the goal or end at which all our actions aim. It consists of ten subsections, referred to as books or scrolls, and is closely related to Aristotle's Eudemian Ethics. The work plays a pre-eminent role in explaining Aristotelian ethics. The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, about how men should best live. In Aristotle's Metaphysics, he describes how Socrates, the friend and teacher of Plato, turned philosophy to human questions, whereas pre-Socratic philosophy had only been theoretical. Ethics, Aristotle says, is practical rather than theoretical, in the Aristotelian senses of these terms. It is not merely an investigation about what good consists of, but it hopes to be of practical help in achieving the good. It is connected to another of Aristotle's practical works, Politics, which similarly aims at people becoming good, through the creation and maintenance of social institutions that promote human flourishing. Ethics is about how individuals should best live, while the study of politics is from the perspective of a law-giver, looking at the good of a whole community. The Nicomachean Ethics is widely considered one of the most important works of philosophy. It had an important influence on the European Middle Ages, and was one of the core works of medieval philosophy. As such, it was of great significance in the development of all modern philosophy as well as European law and theology. While various philosophers have influenced Christendom since its earliest times, in Western Europe, Aristotle became "the Philosopher" (for example, this is how he is referred to in the works of Thomas Aquinas). In the Middle Ages, a synthesis between Aristotelian ethics and Christian theology became widespread in Europe, as introduced by Albertus Magnus. The most important version of this synthesis was that of Thomas Aquinas. Other more "Averroist" Aristotelians such as Marsilius of Padua were also influential.

From Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Notable quotes

“My lectures are published and not published; they will be intelligible to those who heard them, and to none beside.”
— Letter to Alexander the Great as quoted by William Whewell, History of the Inductive Sciences (1837), Ch. 2, Sect. 2
“The male has more teeth than the female in mankind, and sheep, and goats, and swine. This has not been observed in other animals.”
— Book II, ch. III, section 13. Google Books
“For the things we have to learn before we can do, we learn by doing.”
— Book II, 1103a.33: Cited in: Oxford Dictionary of Scientific Quotations (2005), 21:9
“It is absurd to hold that a man ought to be ashamed of being unable to defend himself with his limbs but not of being unable to defend himself with reason when the use of reason is more distinctive of a human being than the use of his limbs.”
— Book I, 1355b.1
“The followers of Aristotle were called peripatetics because the "master of them that know" valued the linkage between cogitation and ambulation (the covered walk in Aristotle's Lyceum was a peripatos).”
— Stephen Jay Gould, "Evolution by Walking", Dinosaur in a Haystack: Reflections in Natural History (1995)
“Aristotle especially, both by speculation and observation... reached something like the modern idea of a succession of higher organizations from lower, and made the fruitful suggestion of "a perfecting principle" in Nature. With the coming in of Christian theology this tendency toward a yet truer theory of evolution was mainly stopped, but the old crude view remained...”
— Andrew Dickson White, A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom, Ch. 1 (1896)

Quotes via Wikiquote (CC BY-SA), each with its original source.

Nicomachean Ethics across IJR

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