Overview
Nighthawk is the name of several fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. There have been seven versions of the character: two supervillains-turned-superheroes from the mainstream Marvel Universe continuity (Earth-616), Kyle Richmond (who belonged to the Squadron Sinister) and Tilda Johnson (the former Deadly Nightshade); two S.H.I.E.L.D. agents, Joaquin Pennyworth and Jackson F. "Jack" Norriss; and five from alternate universes, who belonged to various incarnations of the Squadron Supreme, including the Kyle and Neal Richmond of Earth-712, and an African-American version of Kyle Richmond from Earth-31916 who primarily kills white supremacists and mentors Tilda upon travelling to Earth-616; after his death, a simulacrum of him is created by Mephisto and programmed by the Power Elite to serve as a member of the Squadron Supreme of America, under the command of Phil Coulson.
Nighthawk has made limited appearances in animation and live-action, with Adam West and Anthony Ruivivar respectively voicing him in 2010 and 2016 episodes of The Super Hero Squad Show and Avengers Assemble; while in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), Scoot McNairy portrays impersonator Jackson Norriss in the live-action short film All Hail the King (2014), with A. J. Bowen portraying the real Jackson Norris in the web series WHIH Newsfront (2016), Gabrielle Dennis portraying Tilda Johnson in the 2018 second season of the Netflix television series Luke Cage, and Nabiyah Be portraying Linda Johnson (a character also based on Tilda Johnson) in the film Black Panther (also 2018).
Publication history
Kyle Richmond, the original Nighthawk, debuted as a supervillain in the final panel of The Avengers #69 (October 1969). This story is the first chapter of a three-issue story arc by writer Roy Thomas and penciller Sal Buscema. The arc introduced the supervillain team the Squadron Sinister, whose four members were loosely based on heroes in DC Comics' Justice League of America, with Nighthawk based on Batman.
Following this arc, Nighthawk pursues a solo career, next appearing in Daredevil #62 (March 1970). Here, Richmond attempts through underhanded means to tarnish DD's reputation and supplant him. Daredevil tricks Richmond into revealing his criminal activities to the public and, after a battle atop a subway, Nighthawk makes good his escape.
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