The Regius Professor of History (until 2011, Modern History) at the University of Oxford is a long-established professorial position. Holders of the title have often been medieval historians. The first appointment was made in 1724. The term "Regius" reflects the origins of the post as a royal appointment, itself a recognition of the important influence of history.
The Regius Professor of History is ex officio a Fellow of Oriel College. Professor Lyndal Roper held the Regius Professorship from 2011 to 2025, the first woman (and the first Australian) to have done so.