Topic
motor térmico que realiza trabajo mecánico utilizando vapor como su fluido de trabajo
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Join the room“Modern industry is stated by some writers to have begun in 1738 when brought out a . Others place the period as between 1750 and 1800, when the and steam engine came into being. It was marked by the development of labor-saving machinery. It was brought about by the change from handicraft to manufacture.”
“The industrial revolution was well underway before the steam-engine came into use for driving machinery. Only two prime-movers—the water wheel and the windmill—were widely available, and with very few exceptions these yielded no more than 10 h.p. and often less.”
“In science its main worth is temporary, as a stepping-stone to something beyond. Even the Principia, as Newton, with characteristic modesty entitled his great work, is truly but the beginning of a natural philosophy, and no more an ultimate work than Watt's steam-engine, or Arkwright's spinning-machine.”
“What I say here is not to give room for believing, that Mr. Savery, who has since published this invention at London, is not actually the inventor. I do not doubt that the same thought may have occurred to him, as well as to others, without having learnt it elsewhere.”
“I only just hint this to show what use this engine may be put to in working of mills, especially where coals are cheap. I have only this to urge, that water in its fall from any determinate height, has simply a force answerable and equal to the force that raises it.”
“When once the idea of the separate condensation was started, all these improvements followed as corollaries in quick succession, so that in the course of one or two days the invention was thus far complete in my mind, and I immediately set about an experiment to verify it practically.”
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Una máquina de vapor es un motor térmico que realiza trabajo mecánico utilizando vapor como su fluido de trabajo. La máquina de vapor utiliza la fuerza producida por la presión del vapor para empujar un pistón hacia adelante y hacia atrás dentro de un cilindro. Esta fuerza de empuje puede transformarse mediante una biela y un cigüeñal en fuerza rotacional para realizar trabajo. El término “máquina de vapor” se aplica normalmente a motores alternativos, aunque algunas autoridades también se han referido a la turbina de vapor y dispositivos como el aeolipile de Hero como “máquinas de vapor”. La característica esencial de las máquinas de vapor es que son motores de combustión externa, donde el fluido de trabajo está separado de los productos de combustión. El ciclo termodinámico ideal utilizado para analizar este proceso se llama ciclo Rankine. En uso general, el término “máquina de vapor” puede referirse a plantas de vapor completas, como locomotoras de vapor ferroviarias y motores portátiles, o puede referirse solo a la maquinaria de pistón o turbina, como en la máquina de viga y la máquina de vapor estacionaria.
