Steglitz-Zehlendorf (German: [ˌʃteːɡˌlɪt͡s ˈt͡seːlənˌdɔʁf] ) is the sixth borough of Berlin, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Steglitz and Zehlendorf.
Home to the Free University of Berlin, the Berlin Botanical Garden, and a variety of museums and art collections, Steglitz-Zehlendorf is an important hub for research, science and culture in Berlin. It is known to be the wealthiest borough of Berlin, having the city's highest median household income.
Contents
History
The first mention of a present-day locality in the district by name was Lankwitz (Lancewitz) in 1239. It is assumed that Slavic and German settlements were established at the Schlachtensee and Krumme Lanke lakes after 1200 at the latest. The first documented mention of Zehlendorf (then Cedelendorp) dates back to 1242. Here the Lehnin Abbey bought the settlement and kept it until 1542. Frederick the Great donated a church to the village in 1768 during a stopover on the journey from the Berlin Palace to the Sanssouci Palace. The settlement was located halfway between the two places, which gave the village an economic boost through its function as a relay station. Steglitz also originated in the first half of the 13th century as a Linear settlement. At the end of this century the wooden church was replaced with the village church Steglitz. It stood until the 19th century, when it was replaced by Matthew's Church.
Today's double district is still characterized by connecting infrastructure between Berlin and Potsdam. For example, the first section of the Reichsstraße 1 was routed through Steglitz and Zehlendorf (paved in 1792). In 1838, the Stammbahn was opened parallel to this. This development of the suburbs led to a strong growth of the settlements. Steglitz became the largest rural municipality in Prussia around 1900 with 80,000 inhabitants. The former districts of Steglitz and Zehlendorf were formed in 1920 during the formation of Greater Berlin from previously independent rural communities and estate districts of the Teltow district. The entire area of the present district belonged to the American Sector of Berlin after the Second World War from 1945 to 1990, together with the districts of Tempelhof, Schöneberg, Neukölln and Kreuzberg. In 2001, the two formerly independent districts were merged to form the district of Steglitz-Zehlendorf as part of Berlin's administrative reform. In December 2020, the new Locality Schlachtensee was founded on the initiative of local residents.
Demographics
As of 2021, Steglitz-Zehlendorf had a population of roughly 306 000, making it the fifth most populous out of Berlin's twelve boroughs. The median age was 46,5, the highest of all Berlin boroughs. 28,8% of Steglitz-Zehlendorf residents had a migration background, lying under the Berlin average of 36%.
Steglitz-Zehlendorf has the highest number of Abitur (secondary education degree) graduates in Berlin. The borough also has the highest median household income and the lowest unemployment rate in Berlin. With 15% of Steglitz-Zehlendorf households making more than 200% of the German national median income, it is the wealthiest Berlin borough.
Subdivision
Since December 2020, the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough consists of eight localities:
Politics
District council
The governing body of Steglitz-Zehlendorf is the district council (Bezirksverordnetenversammlung). It has responsibility for passing laws and electing the city government, including the mayor. The most recent district council election was held on 26 September 2021, and the results were as follows:
District government
The district mayor (Bezirksbürgermeister) is elected by the Bezirksverordnetenversammlung, and positions in the district government (Bezirksamt) are apportioned based on party strength. Maren Schellenberg of the Greens was elected mayor on 8 December 2021. Since the 2021 municipal elections, the composition of the district government is as follows:
Landmarks
The Bierpinsel (literally: "Beer Brush"), a 1970s style tower in Steglitz
The Botanical Garden in Lichterfelde West
The Lichterfelde West Villenkolonie – exclusive residential area from 1860 with tree lined and cobbled streets
Glienicke Palace
Glienicke Hunting Lodge
The Philological Library at the Free University of Berlin in Dahlem, by Norman Foster
Prussian Privy State Archives in Dahlem
The Wannsee: lake, villa (site of the notorious Wannsee Conference), and lido
Liebermann Villa, former residence of the painter Max Liebermann, today a museum for his art at the Wannsee
Pfaueninsel (Peacock Island), with the same named castle in the Wannsee
Berlin Mexikoplatz station, Art Nouveau railway station in Zehlendorf
Education
Gymnasiums
Arndt-Gymnasium Dahlem in Dahlem
Beethoven-Gymnasium in Lankwitz
Dreilinden-Gymnasium in Nikolassee
Droste-Hülshoff-Schule in Zehlendorf
Fichtenberg-Oberschule in Steglitz
Goethe-Gymnasium in Lichterfelde
Gymnasium Steglitz in Steglitz
Hermann-Ehlers-Gymnasium in Steglitz
Königin-Luise-Stiftung in Dahlem
Lilienthal-Gymnasium in Lichterfelde
Paulsen-Gymnasium in Steglitz
Schadow-Gymnasium in Zehlendorf
Werner-von-Siemens-Gymnasium in Nikolassee
Willi-Graf-Gymnasium in Lichterfelde
Freie Schule Anne-Sophie Berlin in Zehlendorf
Locations for science
American Academy in Berlin
Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft
Centre for Modern Oriental Studies
Charité – Campus Benjamin Franklin
German Federal Archives - branch office Berlin: central archive of the German Reich and the GDR
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing
Freie Universität Berlin (Free University of Berlin) in Dahlem
Philological Library of Freie Universität Berlin
Otto Suhr Institute for Political Science
German Archaeological Institute
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
Institute for Museum Research
Japanische Internationale Schule zu Berlin, a Japanese international school, is in the Wannsee community in Steglitz-Zehlendorf.
Krankenhaus Waldfriede
Max Planck Society
Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society
Max Planck Institute for Human Development
Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics
Twin towns – sister cities
Steglitz-Zehlendorf is twinned with:
In 2020 Steglitz-Zehlendorf dissociated itself from its twin town of Kazimierz Dolny in Poland because the latter declared itself an LGBT free zone. There is a debate about terminating the partnership.
People
Walter Fritzsche (1895–1956), football player
Wolfgang Krause (1895–1970), philologist
Kurt Aland (1915–1994), theologian and biblical scholar
Maria Sebaldt (1930–2023), actress
Nils Seethaler (born 1981), Anthropologist