In computing, a task is a unit of execution or a unit of work. The term is ambiguous; precise alternative terms include process, light-weight process, thread (for execution), step, request, or query (for work). In the adjacent diagram, there are queues of incoming work to do and outgoing completed work, and a thread pool of threads to perform this work. Either the work units themselves or the threads that perform the work can be referred to as "tasks", and these can be referred to respectively as requests/responses/threads, incoming tasks/completed tasks/threads (as illustrated), or requests/responses/tasks. Terminology In the sense of "unit of execution", in some operating systems, a task is synonymous with a process, and in others with a thread. In non-interactive execution (batch processing), a task is a unit of execution within a job, with the task itself typically a process. The term "multitasking" primarily refers to the processing sense – multiple tasks executing at the same time – but has nuances of the work sense of multiple tasks being performed at the same time. In the sense of "unit of work", in a job (meaning "one-off piece of work") a task can correspond to a single step (the step itself, not the execution thereof), while in batch processing individual tasks can correspond to a single step of processing a single item in a batch, or to a single step of processing all items in the batch. In online systems, tasks most commonly correspond to a single request (in request–response architectures) or a query (in information retrieval), either a single stage of handling, or the whole system-wide handling. Examples In the Java programming language, these two concepts (unit of work and unit of execution) are conflated when working directly with threads, but clearly distinguished in the Executors framework:

From Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Notable quotes

“No single event has influenced the history of labor in Illinois, the United States, and even the world, more than the Chicago Haymarket Affair. It began with a rally on May 4, 1886, but the consequences are still being felt today. Although the rally is included in American history textbooks, very few present the event accurately or point out its significance.”
— William J. Adelman "The Haymarket Affair". illinoislaborhistory.org. Retrieved March 19, 2014.
“Being busy does not always mean real work. The object of all work is production or accomplishment and to either of these ends there must be forethought, system, planning, intelligence, and honest purpose, as well as perspiration. Seeming to do is not doing.”
— Thomas Edison, as quoted in Ford Times, Vol. 6, (1912), p. 136.
“There is no law that says we have to go to work every day and follow our employer’s orders. Legally there is nothing to prevent us from going to live in the wild like primitive people or from going into business for ourselves. But in practice there is very little wild country left, and there is room in the economy for only a limited number of small business owners.”
— Theodore John Kaczynski, Industrial Society and Its Future (1995)
“It is not enough to be industrious; so are the ants. What are you industrious about?”
— Henry David Thoreau, letter to Harrison Blake (16 November 1857).
“Cur quæris quietem, quam natus sis ad laborem?”
— Why seekest thou rest, since thou art born to labor?
“The virtues, like the body,become strong more by labor than by nourishment.”
— Jean Paul, p. 368.

Quotes via Wikiquote (CC BY-SA), each with its original source.

In computing, a task is a unit of execution or a unit of work. The term is ambiguous; precise alternative terms include process, light-weight process, thread (for execution), step, request, or query (for work). In the adjacent diagram, there are queues of incoming work to do and outgoing completed work, and a thread pool of threads to perform this work. Either the work units themselves or the threads that perform the work can be referred to as "tasks", and these can be referred to respectively as requests/responses/threads, incoming tasks/completed tasks/threads (as illustrated), or requests/responses/tasks.

Overview

In computing, a task is a unit of execution or a unit of work. The term is ambiguous; precise alternative terms include process, light-weight process, thread (for execution), step, request, or query (for work). In the adjacent diagram, there are queues of incoming work to do and outgoing completed work, and a thread pool of threads to perform this work. Either the work units themselves or the threads that perform the work can be referred to as "tasks", and these can be referred to respectively as requests/responses/threads, incoming tasks/completed tasks/threads (as illustrated), or requests/responses/tasks. Terminology In the sense of "unit of execution", in some operating systems, a task is synonymous with a process, and in others with a thread. In non-interactive execution (batch processing), a task is a unit of execution within a job, with the task itself typically a process. The term "multitasking" primarily refers to the processing sense – multiple tasks executing at the same time – but has nuances of the work sense of multiple tasks being performed at the same time. In the sense of "unit of work", in a job (meaning "one-off piece of work") a task can correspond to a single step (the step itself, not the execution thereof), while in batch processing individual tasks can correspond to a single step of processing a single item in a batch, or to a single step of processing all items in the batch. In online systems, tasks most commonly correspond to a single request (in request–response architectures) or a query (in information retrieval), either a single stage of handling, or the whole system-wide handling. Examples In the Java programming language, these two concepts (unit of work and unit of execution) are conflated when working directly with threads, but clearly distinguished in the Executors framework:

From Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Notable quotes

“No single event has influenced the history of labor in Illinois, the United States, and even the world, more than the Chicago Haymarket Affair. It began with a rally on May 4, 1886, but the consequences are still being felt today. Although the rally is included in American history textbooks, very few present the event accurately or point out its significance.”
— William J. Adelman "The Haymarket Affair". illinoislaborhistory.org. Retrieved March 19, 2014.
“Being busy does not always mean real work. The object of all work is production or accomplishment and to either of these ends there must be forethought, system, planning, intelligence, and honest purpose, as well as perspiration. Seeming to do is not doing.”
— Thomas Edison, as quoted in Ford Times, Vol. 6, (1912), p. 136.
“There is no law that says we have to go to work every day and follow our employer’s orders. Legally there is nothing to prevent us from going to live in the wild like primitive people or from going into business for ourselves. But in practice there is very little wild country left, and there is room in the economy for only a limited number of small business owners.”
— Theodore John Kaczynski, Industrial Society and Its Future (1995)
“It is not enough to be industrious; so are the ants. What are you industrious about?”
— Henry David Thoreau, letter to Harrison Blake (16 November 1857).
“Cur quæris quietem, quam natus sis ad laborem?”
— Why seekest thou rest, since thou art born to labor?
“The virtues, like the body,become strong more by labor than by nourishment.”
— Jean Paul, p. 368.

Quotes via Wikiquote (CC BY-SA), each with its original source.

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In the Arcade

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